Proclus prop 57 · creuzer page 90
Πᾶν αἴτιον καὶ πρὸ τοῦ αἰτιατοῦ ἐνεργεῖ, καὶ μετ᾽ αὐτὸ πλειόνων ἐστὶν ὑποστατικόν. ᾗ γάρ ἐστιν αἴτιον, τελειότερόν ἐστι καὶ δυνατώτερον τοῦ μετ᾽ αὐτό· καὶ εἰ τοῦτο, πλειόνων αἴτιον. Δυνάμεως γὰρ μείζονος πλείω παράγειν· ἴσης δὲ τὰ ἴσα, καὶ τῆς ἐλάσσονος ἐλάσσω. Καὶ ἡ μὲν τὰ μείζονα ἐν τοῖς ὁμοίοις δυναμένη δύναμις καὶ τὰ ἐλάσσονα δύναται· ἡ δὲ τὰ ἐλάσσονα δυναμένη οὐκ ἐξ ἀνάγκης τὰ μείζω δυνήσεται. Εἰ οὖν δυνατώτερον τὸ αἴτιον, πλειόνων ἐστὶ παρακτικόν. ἀλλὰ μὴν ὅσα δύναται τὸ αἰτιατόν, μειζόνως ἐκεῖνο δύναται. Πᾶν γὰρ τὸ ὑπὸ τῶν δευτέρων παραγόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν προτέρων καὶ αἰτιωτέρων παράγεται μειζόνως. Συνυφίστησιν ἄρα αὐτῷ πάντα, ὅσα πέφυκε παράγειν· εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτὸ πρότερον παράγει, δῆλον δήπουθεν, ὅτι πρὸ αὐτοῦ ἐνεργεῖ κατὰ τὴν παρακτικὴν αὐτοῦ ἐνέργειαν. ἅπαν ἄρα αἴτιον καὶ πρὸ τοῦ αἰτιατοῦ ἐνεργεῖ, καὶ σὺν αὐτῷ, καὶ μετ᾽ αὐτὸ ἄλλα ὑφίστησιν. ἐκ δὴ τούτων φανερόν, ὅτι ὅσων μὲν αἰτία ψυχή, καὶ νοῦς αἴτιος. Οὐχ ὅσων δὲ νοῦς, καὶ ψυχὴ αἰτία· ἀλλὰ καὶ πρὸ ψυχῆς ἐνεργεῖ. Καὶ ἃ δίδωσι ψυχὴ τοῖς δευτέροις, δίδωσι καὶ νοῦς μειζόνως. Καὶ μηκέτι ψυχῆς ἐνεργούσης νοῦς ἐλλάμπει τὰς ἑαυτοῦ δόσεις, οἷς μὴ δέδωκε ψυχὴ ἑαυτήν. Καὶ γὰρ τὸ ἄψυχον, καθόσον εἴδους μετέσχε, νοῦ μετέχει καὶ τῆς τοῦ νοῦ ποιήσεως.
Every cause both acts before the thing it causes and, after that thing, gives hypostasis to more things. For in so far as it is a cause, it is more complete and more powerful than what comes after it; and if so, it is the cause of more things. For it belongs to a greater power to produce more, to an equal power to produce equal things, and to a lesser power to produce less. And the power that is capable of the greater things among things of like kind is capable of the lesser as well, while the power capable of the lesser will not necessarily be capable of the greater. If, then, the cause is more powerful, it is productive of more things. And indeed, whatever the thing it causes is capable of, the cause is capable of in greater measure. For everything that is produced by secondary things is produced in greater measure by the prior and more causal things. It therefore gives hypostasis, along with itself, to all that it is of a nature to produce; and if it also produces that thing first, it is surely plain that it acts before it, in accordance with its own productive activity. Every cause, therefore, acts before the thing it causes, and together with it, and after it gives hypostasis to other things. From this it is evident that of whatever soul is the cause, intellect is a cause as well. But soul is not the cause of everything intellect causes; intellect acts before soul as well. And what soul gives to secondary things, intellect gives too, in greater measure. And when soul is no longer acting, intellect still irradiates its own gifts upon the things to which soul has not given itself. For even a soulless thing, in so far as it has participated in form, participates in intellect and in intellect's making.
Apparatus
- (1) A. νη.
- (2) εἰ adjeci ex A. hac sententia: »et si hoc locum habet.«
- (3) Edit. ἡ μὲν μείζονα. Ego articulum adjeci ex cod. A.
- (4) A. μὴν καὶ ὅσα.
- (5) A. μετ᾽ αὐτό· ἄλλα.
- (6) Exhibui lectionem codicis A. In editione deest τοῖς ante δευτέροις et νοῦς ante μειζόνως. Hoc in paraphrasi sua jam expresserat Portus.
- (7) A. μετέσχε. Tum τῆς τοῦ νοῦ. Hoc recepi. Argumentum quod attinet cf. Proclum in Platonis Theolog. I. 13 p. 35. II. 4. cum Scholio p. 89 sq. et III. 7. p. 131 sq. ubi, Parmenidis, Platonis, Plotini, aliorum sententiae examinantur.
This proposition restates El. 56 verbatim inside its own proof (Πᾶν γὰρ τὸ ὑπὸ τῶν δευτέρων παραγόμενον ὑπὸ τῶν προτέρων καὶ αἰτιωτέρων παράγεται μειζόνως) — which is why Aquinas cites 56 and 57 together as the source of LdC 1. Creuzer's note (1) again records codex A one number ahead (νη΄ = 58); the same +1 divergence stands at El. 56, so it is a running feature of codex A here, not an isolated slip. Phase 3 translation note. The sentence Creuzer prints inside this proof is El. 56's own lemma, and the English repeats El. 56's English word for word so that the self-citation is visible on the page. ἐλλάμπειν is rendered 'irradiate' here and at El. 70.
creuzer_numeral=νζ΄
- Edition
- Creuzer, Frankfurt, 1822 — Initia philosophiae ac theologiae ex Platonicis fontibus ducta, Pars III
- Scan
- archive.org
- OCR status
- none
- Translator
- Wroot Press draft